OK, I took the time to read that article (completely), and this issue is definitely not the Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (Alpha-Gal) problem associated with mammalian meat allergy (unless researchers have their wires crossed, and they've made some incorrect associations). This is a totally unrelated issue.
I'm not sure what to make of it at this point, but logic dictates that it would be highly unlikely for us to evolve with the ability to produce Neu5Gc from Neu5Ac, and then suddenly (extremely abruptly, in evolutionary terms), not only devolve to lose that ability, but suddenly become allergic to it. The real stumbling block in my mind is this:
How could we devolve to become unable to produce such a common sugar, and suddenly become allergic to it, while retaining the ability to assimilate it into glycoproteins? That contradiction is a lot to accept, because as sophisticated as the human body is, it wouldn't be likely to make such a stupid mistake. I'm gonna have to think about this one for a while. And interestingly, this sugar is found in exactly the same species as the Alpha-Gal sugar, of mammalian meat allergy fame. Hmmmmm.
Even more interestingly, we all have a coating of it on all our cells:
Although humans can no longer synthesize Neu5Gc, we still have all the cellular machinery for utilizing it. When dietary Neu5Gc is absorbed into the body and enters cells, it can be incorporated into glycoproteins bound for the cell surface glycocalyx, just as Neu5Ac is.
As a result, Neu5Gc of dietary origin appears at low levels on the surface of human cells.
But, alas, we're supposedly allergic to it. Does anyone else see the incongruity in this? This is more than a little convoluted. And remember that most of the information in that article is conjecture/speculation as to how this could all come about as humans evolved (after all, no one writing about it was there to witness if firsthand). How good is our forensic science, 2 or 3 million years after the fact? I reckon it will take a lot of contemplation to sort this out.
Very interesting.
Tex